Hermitary: resources and reflections on hermits and solitude   © 2002-2008, Hermitary and Meng-hu 
Hermitary: images of eremitism
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HOUSE OF HERMITS: ARTICLES

HERMITS IN LORE ...

The Tarot: what the hermit means.
The I Ching: ancient eremitic source.
Peter the Hermit: medieval hermit war leader?
Ornamental hermits of eccentric modern England.
Emperor & the hermit: Alexander I, Feodor Kuzmich
Fairy tales: the folkloric image of hermits.
Zarathustra, the hermit, and the madman.
Essays on hermits: Hilaire Belloc, G. K. Chesterton.
Article: Hermits (Catholic Encyclopedia, 1907)
FILMS about hermits.

... & HERMITS IN LITERATURE

"Hermit and King": an Old Irish colloquy.
"The Wanderer": an Old English elegy.
Malory's Morte d'Arthur: medieval hermit image.
Langland's Piers Plowman: medieval hermit model.
La Fontaine's wicked hermits: 17th century tales
Romanticized 18th-century hermits in poetry:
  Parnell, Goldsmith, Beattie, Robinson, Coleridge
Walter Scott's Ivanhoe: medieval fraud hermit.
Hermit tales:
  Gibran, Kipling, Chekhov, Tolstoy, Wilde.
On Talking, from The Prophet by Kahlil Gibran
William Butler Yeats: four hermit poems
Hermit tales: Wharton's Hermit and the Wild Woman
Frederick Buechner's Godric: medieval hermit path.
Charles P. Weaver: The Hermit in English Literature.
Jean Giono's The Man Who Planted Trees
Ursula Le Guin's Earthsea: wizards as hermits.

AMERICAN HERMITS & RECLUSES

"Wonderful Old Hermit" of 1700's Alleghany Mts.
Robert: a Black American hermit
Thoreau: Quotations on solitude
Emily Dickinson: poet and recluse
Thomas Merton: On solitude and his Notes
Don McLellan, Humboldt hermit (late 1950's)
Daniel Manous, American hermit (circa 1970)
Florida Everglades Hermits, 1940's to 1980
American Wilderness Hermits in Photos, 1960's-80's
American Hermits in the 1980's: a LIFE feature
Leigh Schmidt: Restless Souls: The Making of American Spirituality. Chapter 2: Solitude
Jun Fujita: poet and recluse: two articles

ASIAN TRADITIONS

CHINA
Eremitism in Ancient China, pt 1: Confucius
Eremitism as moral principle begins with Confucius.
Eremitism in Ancient China, pt. 2: Analects
Sayings and anecdotes of Confucius re eremitism.
Eremitism in Ancient China, pt. 3: Hundred Schools: Eremitism in centuries of war and chaos.
Eremitism in Ancient China, pt. 4: Lao-tzu
Eremitism in Ancient China, pt. 5: Chuang-tzu
Tao Chien, China's Poet of Reclusion
Tao Yuan-ming (Tao Chien), 4th-5th century reclused official and first poetic voice of reclusion.
Hsieh Ling-yun, Wilderness Poet and Recluse
4th-5th century China's first true nature poet
Reclusion: Tu Fu's Confucian Dilemma
Tu Fu (Du Fu), 8th century: China's greatest poet and the dilemma of service versus reclusion.
Han-shan: Cold Mountain hermit-poet
8th-century Chinese hermit Han-shan.
Thatched Hall: a Chinese hut
Tang dynasty poet Po Chu-i, 8th century China.
Shan-shih: The hermit house of Stonehouse
14th century Chinese hermit-monk Ching-hung.

JAPAN
Hojoki: My hut

12th century Japanese hermit Kamo no Chomei.
Hosshinshu: Model hermits and recluses
Kamo no Chomei's tales of Japanese hermits.
Ippen, hijiri
The wanderer hijiri Ippen, 12th century Japan.
Sanka: Mountain Home
12th century Japanese poet-monk Saigyo.
Genjuan no fui: "Unreal Dwelling"
18th century Japanese haiku master Basho.
Basho, Plodding in Saigyo's Footsteps
Basho's  eremitic poetry drew from Saigyo.
Gogo-an: Hermit hut

18th century Japanese Zen monk-poet Ryokan.
Zen Poetics of Ryokan
Ryokan's poetry reflects his Zen and his eremitism.
Jun Fujita: two articles
20th century Japanese tanka poet-recluse in USA

SOUTH ASIA
The Solitary Path of the Jain Digambara
Thudong: Forest Monks and Hermits of Southeast Asia
Wilderness asceticism in Thailand, Sri Lanka.

TIBET
Mila Grubum: One Hundred Thousand Songs

12th century Tibetan Buddhist hermit Milarepa.
Orgyan Chokyi: Tibetan Buddhist "Hermitess"
18-century woman's struggles to become a solitary.
Shabkar, Tibetan Buddhist Hermit
18th-19th century hermit, wanderer, and teacher.
Alexandra David-Neel on Tibetan Buddhist hermits
Woman traveler's early 20th-century observations.

CHRISTIAN TRADITIONS

Paul: first Christian hermit
Jerome's biography of the desert hermit.
The Hard sayings of Arsenius
The desert hermit of 4th-century Egypt.
Moses: a Black desert hermit's experiences.
Cuthbert: 7th-century Celtic saint, prior, hermit.
The Desert Mothers:
Women in the Western anchoritic tradition.
Goscelin's Book of Consolation for Anchoress Eva: A problematic English medieval book of advice.
Romuald of Ravenna: Hermit and "Founder"
Peter Damian's portrait of the Camaldolese "founder"
Stephen of Muret and his Thoughts
Medieval hermit "founder" of the Grandmont order.
Aelred of Rievaulx's Rule for a Solitary
A medieval monk's guide for a woman recluse.
Ancrene Wisse: A medieval guide for anchoresses
Richard Rolle's Form of Living
A medieval guide for an anchoress
Order of Benediction for Hermits (16th cent.)
Translated from the Latin by Frank Bottomley
Nil Sorsky's Rule for Hermits
St. Nil Sorsky defined hesychasm for Russian sketes
Non-possessors & possessors in 16th century Russia
Conflict of eremitic values against church and state
Roger Crab, 17th-century English hermit
Predecessor of modern eclectic Western hermits
Thomas Parkinson, Thirsk hermit: a tragic life.
The Way of a Pilgrim by a 19th-century Russian Orthodox hermit

MODERN
Thomas Merton on solitude

Merton's Notes for a Philosophy of Solitude
Merton's preface to Thoughts in Solitude
Robert Lax, Enigmatic Hermit
A Brief History of Monserrat Hermits
Interviews with Father Basili: first; second
Last hermit of Spanish monastery of Montserrat.
Daniel Bourguet: Protestant Hermit
Hermits in the 1990's and 2000's: surveys
Lay Hermits, by Eugene Stockton (reprint)

HOUSE OF HERMITS: BOOK REVIEWS
WESTERN TRADITIONS

GENERAL
Hermits: the Insights of Solitude

by Peter France.
A Pelican in the Wilderness: Hermits and Solitaries by Isabel Colegate.

MEDIEVAL
"The Rise and Function of the Holy Man in Late Antiquity"
(article) by Peter Brown
"Eremitical Anthropology of William of St. Thierry"
(article) by John Conley
The Hermits and Anchorites of England
by Rotha Mary Clay; and The English Mediaeval Recluse by Francis D. S. Darwin.
Lives of the Anchoresses: The Rise of Urban Recluses in Medieval Europe by Anneke B. Mulder-Bakker.
Anchorites and Their Patrons in Medieval England by Ann K. Warren.
The Hermit in English Literature from the Beginnings to 1660 by Charles P. Weaver.
The Forgotten Desert Mothers: Sayings, Lives, and Stories of Early Christian Women by Laura Swan.
Harlots of the Desert: A Study of Repentance in Early Monastic Sources by Benedicta Ward.
The Perfection of Solitude: Hermits and Monks in the Crusader States by Andrew Jotischkey.

MODERN
The Language of Silence: the Changing Face of Monastic Solitude
by Peter-Damian Belisle.
An Infinity of Little Hours: Five Young Men and Their Trial of Faith in the Western World's Most Austere Monastic Order by Nancy Klein Maguire.
"The Maronite Eremitical Tradition: A Contemporary Revival" (article) by G. Hourani
Wind in the Sand: the Hidden Life of an Anchoress by Pinions.
Lost in the Taiga by Vassily Peskov.
Maria of Olonets by Bishop Nikodim of Belgorod
Flannery O'Connor, Hermit Novelist by Richard Giannone.

EASTERN TRADITIONS

CHINA & JAPAN
Road to Heaven: Encounters with Chinese Hermits
by Bill Porter.
Four Huts: Asian Writings on the Simple Life,
trans. by Burton Watson, illus. by Stephen Addiss.
Works by Po-Chu-i, Yoshishige no Yasutane, Kamo no Chomei, Basho.
Where the World Does Not Follow: Buddhist China in Picture and Poem,
translations by Mike O'Connor, photos by Steven R. Johnson.
B&w photos and T'ang poems on Chinese hermits.
The Aesthetics of Discontent: Politics and Reclusion in Medieval Japanese Literature
by Michele Marra.
The Politics of Reclusion: Painting and Power in Momoyama Japan by Kendall H. Brown

INDIA & TIBET
The Hermits of Rishikesh
by Augusthy Keemattam.
Sociological study in historic city of India.
Sadhus: India's Mystic Holy Men
by Dorf Hartsuiker. Photographic essay of eccentric Hindu eremitism.
The Yogins of Ladakh: A Pilgrimage Among the Hermits of the Buddhist Himalayas
by John Crook and James Low.
Cave in the Snow: Tenzin Palmo's Quest for Enlightenment
by Vicki Mackenzie.
 
 
HOUSE OF SOLITUDE: ARTICLES
sunflower from the Hermitary gardenAn Anthropology of Eremitism
Taoism: hermit philosophy
Wabi and Sabi: the aesthetics of solitude
Epictetus: What is Solitude?
Desert Fathers and Mothers on solitude
Acedia, bane of solitaries
Evagrius Ponticus: Asceticism & Solitary Life
Aelred of Rievaulx's Rule for a Solitary
William of St. Thierry's Eremitical Anthropology (article review)
Ancrene Wisse: medieval guide for anchoresses
Ibn Tufayl's Hayy Ibn Taqzan
Gelassenheit (releasement) in Meister Eckhart
Nil Sorsky's Rule for Hermits: hesychasm in RussiaA mother bear takes a final look around before departing the Hermitary grounds. -- Meng-hu
Francesco Petrarch's The Life of Solitude
Michel de Montaigne's On Solitude
Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Solitary Walker
Henry David Thoreau: Quotations on solitude
Emily Bronte: Poet of Solitude
Friedrich Holderlin's Poetry of solitude
Friedrich Nietzsche on Solitude
Zarathustra, the hermit, and the madman
Elizabeth Cady Stanton: The Solitude of Self
John Burroughs: Solitude
Rainer Maria Rilke and Solitude
Fernando Pessoa and Solitude
Simone Weil on society and solitudeAt the moment of being photographed, the deer looked up. -- Meng-hu
Thomas Merton:
  Thomas Merton on solitude
  Notes for a Philosophy of Solitude
  Japanese Preface to Thoughts in Solitude
Silence in Quaker Tradition
Mauna (Silence) - a Jain View (reprint)
Silence and Solitude in Ramana Maharshi
J. Krishnamurti on solitude
Stephen Batchelor on Self and Solitude
Glenn Gould's Solitude Trilogy
J. Brierley: The Solitaries (reprint)
On Talking, from The Prophet by Kahlil Gibran
Pico Iyer: The Eloquent Sounds of Silence (reprint)
John M. Oldham: The solitary personality type
Writings on Self and the I-cult, by J., a hermit
Writings on the Hermit Life, by S., a hermit

HOUSE OF SOLITUDE: BOOK REVIEWS
This spot of bamboo at Hermitary seems to reveal the opening of a pathSolitude: A Philosophical Encounter
by Philip Koch.
A far-ranging exploration of philosophical aspects of solitude, focusing on disengagement.

A Philosophy of Solitude
by John Cowper Powys.
A rugged, congenial meditation on the necessity of a personal philosophy of life built around solitude.

Solitude: A Return to the Self by Anthony Storr.
Essential work in the psychology of solitude; studies temperaments, imagination, creativity.

The World of Silence by Max Picard.
A lyric philosophical essay that rehabilitates the phenomenon of silence and its place in our lives.

The Philosophy of Silence by Alice Borchard Greene.
A general survey of the religious and philosophical uses of silence; outdated but not superseded.

The Ascetic Self: Subjectivity, Memory and Tradition by Gavin Flood.
A scholarly study of the parameters of asceticism and self in Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, and modern times.

The Value of Solitude: The Ethics and Spirituality of Aloneness in Autobiography by John D. Barbour.
A scholarly integration of themes in writers who found value in solitude.

Restless Souls: The Making of American Spirituality. Chapter 2: Solitude by Leigh Eric Schmidt
Survey of 19th century religious and philosophical views of solitude.

The Solace of Fierce Landscapes: Exploring Desert and Mountain Spirituality by Belden C. Lane.
Christian perspective on wilderness using the apophatic tradition and the via negativa of mysticism.

The Greatest Escape: Adventures in the History of Solitude
by David Balcom. A personal excursion among "friends of solitude."

Retreat: Time Apart for Silence and Solitude by Roger Housden.
Popular introduction to retreats from many traditions emphasizing self.

Poustinia: Encountering God in Silence, Solitude, and Prayer by Catherine de Hueck Doherty. A Russian tradition for the West.


SHORT NOTICES: BOOKS
The Psychology of Solitude: 2 BOOKS
1. The Call of Solitude: Alonetime in a World of Attachment, by Esther Schaler Buchholz. 2. Migrations to Solitude, by Sue Halpern.

Women in Search of Solitude: 8 BOOKS
1. Journal of a Solitude, by May Sarton.
2. Fifty Days of Solitude, by Doris Grumbach.
3. Drinking the Rain, by Alix Kates Shulman.
4. Epicurean Simplicity, by Stephanie Mills.
5. The Stations of Still Creek, by Barbara J. Scot.
6. Pilgrim at Tinker Creek, by Annie Dillard.
7. Where God Begins to Be, by Karen Karper.
8. The Wisdom of Solitude: a Zen Retreat in the Woods, by Jane Dobisz.

Men in Search of Solitude: 5 BOOKS
1. Desolation Angels, by Jack Kerouac.
2. Desert Solitaire: A Season in the Wilderness, by Edward Abbey.
3. Running to the Mountain: a Journey of Faith and Change
, by Jon Katz.
4. Stillness: Daily Gifts of Solitude, by Richard Mahler.
5. Into the Wild, by Jon Krakauer.


HUTS & DWELLINGS

The Idea of the Hut
1. On Adam's House in Paradise: The Idea of the Primitive Hut in Architectural History, by Joseph Rykwert.
2. A Hut of One's Own: Life Outside the Circle of Architecture, by Ann Cline.
3. Heidegger's Hut, by Adam Sharr.

Hermit's Hut, Hermit's Dream: 3 BOOKS
1. A Place of One's Own: the Education of an Amateur Builder, by Michael Pollan. 2. The Poetics of Space, by Gaston Bachelard. 3. The Natural House, by Frank Lloyd Wright.

One day I just pointed my camera upwards -- Meng-hu

POETRY OF SOLITUDE
English: Pope, Shelley, Wordsworth, Dickinson, Carroll, Yeats
Chinese: Yaun Chi, Yu Lun, Li Po, Wang Wei, Tu Fu, Han-shan, Shi-te, Te Ch'ing, Ching An
Japanese: Saigyo, Ryokan, Joso, Basho, Buson, Issa, Kyokusui, Chora, Shiki, Boncho, Sokan, Taigi

Also visit Sayings ... in the spirit of Hermitary

SIMPLICITY : ARTICLES & BOOK REVIEWS
BOOK REVIEWS: SIMPLICITY

Graceful Simplicity: Toward a Philosophy and Politics of Simple Living by Jerome M. Segal.
Defining simplicity means becoming conscious of the social and economic context in which we live.

SHORT NOTICES: BOOKS
Economics of Simplicity: 2 BOOKS

1. Enchanting a Disenchanted World: Revolutionizing the Means of Consumption by George Ritzer. 2. Small is Beautiful: Economics as if People Mattered, by E. F. Schumacher.

Versions of Simplicity: 3 BOOKS
1. Your Money or Your Life by Joe Dominguez and Vicki Robin. 2. The Holy Way: Practices for a Simple Life by Paula Huston. 3. A Quaker Book of Wisdom: Lessons in Simplicity, Service & Common Sense by Robert Lawrence Smith.


I took the photo of a nocturnal spider's web atop a young pine one predawn morning but the poem came months later. -- Meng-hu


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